I must start off by admitting that I haven't actually seen Bill Cosby's remarks alluded to in columns by Barbara Ehrenreich and Lexington. However, having read both of them I have been able to discern some things about what was actually said, and I have certainly been able to find problems with both.
Apparently Bill Cosby has been ragging on the poor black youth about its lack of achievement, respectability and so on. Lexington responds with:
Good on Mr Cosby. There is something of a conspiracy of silence about blacks' dismal performance in school: silence from black leaders who don't want to be accused of "blaming the victim", silence from teachers who don't want to draw attention to the biggest failure of American education. But the achievement gap between blacks and whites is a disgrace.
Lexington continues by backing up Mr. (ahem,
Dr.) Cosby's argument saying that: "The teachers and black politicians blame three standard villains: poverty, prejudice and school funding." Lexington then provides some evidence for why these are not the causative factors of the problems Cosby observes.
Ehrenreich, on the other hand, goes straight for Cosby's jugular, saying the following.... Actually, she doesn't say much, other than to begin to ridicule Cosby and say that:
It's time to start picking on a more up-to-date pariah group for the 21st century, and I'd like to nominate the elderly whites.
Most of the remainder of the article just bashes elderly whites in order to make fun of Cosby's argument -- she talks about how "some seniors are cashing in their Social Security checks for vodka and Viagra." This sort of argument accomplishes nothing. To quote George Orwell in
Homage to Catalonia:
It is as though in the middle of a chess tournament one competitor should suddenly begin screaming that the other is guilty of arson or bigamy."
This, incidentally, is what annoys me about overly-partisan debate.
But Ehrenreich's argument is also something else: either dishonest or offensive. She acts directly out of, as Lexington says, a fear of "blaming the victim." Thus, she draws this comparison with elderly whites, makes them look ridiculous using the "same approach" as Cosby. Since we know that there's nothing wrong with the actions she's discussing, there must be something wrong with Cosby's thinking or us, if we agree that Cosby is right about there being something wrong with the way young blacks are acting. But here's the problem: what Ehrenreich points out about elderly, white behavior
is normal -- that's her point. But, by making her (non)argument this way, she's implying that the black behavior Cosby criticizes is
also normal. The implication then, to look more carefully at Ehrenreich's "argument", is that young blacks doing poorly is school is just as normal as old white people buying medication with their social security money.
Lexington's analysis is more genuine (it actually addresses what Cosby has to say, rather than leaping on the first sign of something politically incorrect). However, Lexington still gets some things wrong. Look at this:
But the real problem with his broadside is that it is too narrow. It is not just black leaders who are failing to hold young blacks to higher standards. It is America in general; and, above all, the educational establishment. Teachers are far too willing to make excuses for black failure, and universities have institutionalised low expectations through affirmative action. Why should black children try as hard as their white peers if they can get into college with lower marks?
Well, in some measure, Lexington is talking about what is implied by Ehrenreich's argument: we've come to expect this from our young blacks kids. However, on affirmative action, Lexington cannot seriously believe that this was the intent of such programs, and it is very unclear whether the effect he imputes to affirmative action programs (while logically attractive) actually exists.
Through all of this, Cosby emerges as the real winner. First of all, he has the credentials to say something. As unfortunate as it is, being black gives him greater right to talk about the problems of other blacks. But more importantly, as Lexington points out:
Mr Cosby is well qualified to encourage this revival. He grew up in a poor area of Philadelphia and dropped out of school to join the navy. But he returned to university to take a doctorate in education, and continues to devote his energies to black improvement, writing books for pre-school readers and pouring money into black colleges.
Moreover, Cosby has a solution:
Black America once had a flourishing tradition of self-help: the tradition of Frederick Douglass, who was born into slavery but became one of the great orators of his age, and of the army of self-educated blacks who came after him. This tradition was obscured during the civil-rights era as black leaders concentrated on dismantling the machinery of discrimination. But blacks desperately need to revive Douglass's belief in "self-cultivation"; if the civil-rights revolution is to amount to something more than a hollow legal shell.
Essentially, Lexington misunderstands Cosby. He (Lexington) sees it as much more about low societal expectations than about the people themselves. Ehrenreich, on the other hand, embodies just those low expectations, saying:
As the sociologist Michael Males, who monitors youth-bashing outbreaks, told me: "Younger black America today is struggling admirably against massive disinvestments in schools, terrible unemployment, harsh policing and degrading prejudices, and they're succeeding amazingly well. They deserve respect, not grown-up tantrums."
But it must be fun to beat up on people too young and too poor to fight back, or the elderly rich wouldn't do it. Cranky old rich people: now there's a demographic group that qualifies as a genuine Menace 2 Society.
So, in Ehrenreich's world, there is no problem, the problem Cosby sees is actually a sign of tremendous success, and exhorting people to do better is "beat[ing] up on people too young and too poor to fight back." Nice. True, part of the solution lies in fixing some societal problems (I don't believe Lexington is 100% correct when he suggests that poverty, prejudice and school funding aren't a big part of the issue); Regardless of any external (societal) circumstance -- be it low expectations or poverty -- Cosby certainly has a good point that self-help can do the most good.